Stabilization of a Laser Welding Process Against Focal Shift Effects using Beam Manipulation

Abstract

Two measures to enhance welding process stability with respect to a varying focal position are presented and discussed with regards to possible effects of laser power efficiency increase. Spatial beam movement was caused by a deflecting mirror and proved to create a welding process with a higher constancy in welding depth when changing focal position. A larger cross sectional area of the weld seam was measured showing increased laser absorption when compared to a static beam. Sinusoidal laser power modulation was tested for varying focus positions and proves to induce a deeper weld seam at moderately increased cross sectional areas. The power modulated welding process is dominated by the influence of melt dynamics which can be guided by choosing suitable modulation parameters. Both systems can be used to stabilize the welding process against loss of joint area or loss of connection which may occur due to focal shift in high brightness laser beam optics.