Physics of Fluids A Fluid Dynamics · 1991 · 13 citations · 3 references
Natural SciencesOcean EngineeringPhysicsFluid DynamicsPlasma PhysicsSurface ScienceFree-surface FlowOcean TurbulencePlasma-surface InteractionsTurbulenceTurbulent FlowTurbulent MixingFree Surface ConditionsFree-surface HydrodynamicsFree-surface TurbulenceJetsLaser-induced FluorescenceSurface Active AdditivesSurface Layer ProcessesTurbulent Jets
The effect of a free surface on the structure of a submerged turbulent jet is investigated experimentally. Three-component LDV measurements beneath a clean free surface show that the mean flow spreads laterally outward in a shallow surface layer much wider than the mean flow well below the surface. As the free surface is approached, velocity fluctuations normal to the surface are diminished while those parallel to the surface are enhanced. Laser-induced fluorescence is used to show that the surface layer contains fluid ejected from the jet. With the addition of surface-active agents, the surface layer is suppressed.
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