Helicity of the SmC*alpha phase and its variations in a thiobenzoate series

Abstract

We have studied by optical means a thiobenzoate series exhibiting SmCA*, SmC*, SmCFI* and SmC*alpha phases. We have made pitch measurements on the SmCA* and SmC* phases using the Grandjean-Cano method. Observing free surface drops in the SmCalpha* phase, we found periodic ellipticity fringes, due to a helical structure, and measured their optical period versus temperature; this can reach very small as well as significant values. It does not exhibit a single evolution and appears incoherent at first sight, but always follows one part of a general behaviour, depending on the thermal history of the sample. Lastly we compare experimental results with one of the structural models proposed for the SmC*alpha phase.