A Case of Myositis Ossificans in the Upper Cervical Spine of a Young Child

Abstract

In Brief Study Design. Case report. Objective. We present a case of myositis ossificans (MO) of the upper cervical spine in a young child. The literature is reviewed with the classification, etiology, and treatment of MO discussed. Summary of Background Data. Calcification of joint capsule, muscle, cartilage, and ligaments is a well-known phenomenon and is known as myositis ossificans. It is very rarely seen in the head and neck, with no reports of MO of the soft tissues surrounding the first 2 cervical vertebrae. Methods. An 8-year-old boy presented with severe neck pain after a fall. He had had a similar neck injury 4 years before, but made a full recovery. Radiographs showed a large ossified lesion between the posterior elements of C1 and C2. After further imaging, a diagnosis of MO was made. Results. The child was treated with simple analgesia and observation. With no evidence of neurologic compromise and minimal symptoms, there was no indication for surgical intervention. Conclusion. Although rare, MO should be suspected as one of the possible causes of persistent pain following cervical spine injury in children. We would advise a low threshold for cervical spine imaging in the child presenting with persistent neck pain and stiffness, even years after injury. Myositis ossificans is a non-neoplastic deposit of heterotopic bone within the soft tissues. Occurrence in the cervical spine is very rare and previously unreported in the soft tissues surrounding C1 and C2. We present a case of myositis ossificans of the cervical spine in a child.