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The Reaction of Lithium with Water Vapor
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1963
Year
Materials ScienceChemical EngineeringThermal BalanceEngineeringLi-ion Battery MaterialsLithium-ion BatteryLithium-ion BatteriesEnergy StoragePhysical ChemistryElectrochemical Energy StorageWater VaporBatteriesChemistrySolid-state BatteryLithium HydroxideElectrochemistry
This paper describes a thermal balance and x‐ray diffraction study of the reaction of lithium with water vapor. Water was carried at partial pressures of up to 12.6 mm Hg in oxygen and argon gases, and runs were conducted between 20° and 45°C. The reaction was found to proceed in three distinct successive stages: (a) the formation at constant rate of a lithium hydroxide () film believed to be coherent with the underlying lithium metal lattice; (b) the localized nucleation and growth by spreading of lithium hydroxide monohydrate () at the outer surfaces of the hydroxide; and (c) the simultaneous formation and hydration of the hydroxide at constant rate, culminating in complete conversion of the metal to the hydroxide monohydrate.