The hidden economy as an ‘unobserved’ variable

A General Approach to Confirmatory Maximum Likelihood Factor Analysis

Karl G. Jöreskog · Psychometrika · 1969 · 2.5K citations

Education, Educational Measurement, Item Response Theory +13

Estimation of a Model with Multiple Indicators and Multiple Causes of a Single Latent Variable

Karl G. Jöreskog, Arthur S. Goldberger · Journal of the American Statistical Association · 1975 · 1.4K citations

Education, Educational Measurement, Causal Inference +12

The informal economy

Jonathan Gershuny · Futures · 1979 · 972 citations

Social Sciences, Economics, Social Policy +17

How Big Is the Irregular Economy?

Edgar L. Feige · Challenge · 1979 · 445 citations

Social Sciences, Business Economics, Economics +5

The Underground Economy in the United States and Abroad.

David L. Mengle · Journal of the American Statistical Association · 1983 · 378 citations

Social Sciences, Economics, International Business +11