Intelligent Material Systems: Application of Functional Materials

TLDR

Intelligent material systems, or smart materials, adapt their behavior to external or internal changes by integrating sensors, actuators, and controllers—often made of functional materials such as piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, shape memory alloys, polymer hydrogels, and electro‑ or magneto‑rheological fluids—into structural materials at macroscopic or mesoscopic scales, and this review covers 188 references. The article reviews recent developments in intelligent material systems, focusing specifically on applying piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and shape memory alloy materials to control deformation, vibration, and fracture in composite materials and structures. The review synthesizes recent literature on how piezoelectric, magnetostrictive, and shape memory alloy materials are integrated into intelligent material systems to modulate deformation, vibration, and fracture in composites and structures.

Abstract

This article presents a review of recent important developments in the field of intelligent material systems. Intelligent material systems, sometimes referred to as smart materials, can adjust their behavior to changes of external or internal parameters analogously to biological systems. In these systems, sensors, actuators and controllers are seamlessly integrated with structural materials at the macroscopic or mesoscopic level. In general, sensors and actuators are made of functional materials and fluids such as piezoelectric materials, magnetostrictive materials, shape memory alloys, polymer hydrogels, electro- and magneto-rheological fluids and so on. This article is specifically focused on the application of piezoelectric materials, magnetostrictive materials and shape memory alloys to intelligent material systems used to control the deformation, vibration and fracture of composite materials and structures. This review article contains 188 references.