Carbon Dioxide Fixation into Chemicals (Methyl Formate) at High Yields by Surface Coupling over a Pd/Cu/ZnO Nanocatalyst

Abstract

Chemical fixation of CO 2 has recently attracted attention as a possible way to manufacture useful chemicals. Here, we demonstrate a one-step catalytic fixation of CO 2 to methyl formate (MF) in liquid phase under mild industrial applicable conditions by using a new concept of coupling surface formate species formed from CO 2 on solid catalyst with excess methanol in hydrogen to form the MF, and the quantity of the product is found to greatly exceed the surface coverage of the catalyst by >45-fold. As a result, we report, for the first time, that the optimum Pd/Cu/ZnO/alumina nanocatalyst prepared from simple co-precipitation is capable of activating gaseous CO 2 to condensable MF at high yields (>20%) with excellent selectivity (>96%). The present study also offers directions to rationally design and optimize the required catalyst, reactor, and experimental conditions for this new reaction.