Gravitational Collapse with Asymmetries

Abstract

Two idealized collapse models, involving a magnetic dipole and a gravitational quadrupole, are analyzed, treating departures from sphericity as small perturbations. Radiative leakage (largely downwards through the Schwarzschild radius) causes externally observable asymmetries to decay to zero in an oscillatory fashion, with a period of the order of the Schwarzschild characteristic time $\frac{2Gm}{{c}^{3}}$. These results have significant consequences for astrophysics; they imply in particular that a "black hole" cannot be a source of synchrotron radiation.