Prognostic Factors and Management of Civilian Penetrating Duodenal Trauma

Abstract

The independent and significant risk factors that determine the severity of duodenal injury and need for complex procedures, as identified in this series, are preoperative or intraoperative shock; Abdominal Trauma Index higher than 25; and associated injuries to the pancreas, superior mesentric vessels, and colon. These factors are associated with an increased incidence of septic complications, duodenal fistula, and late mortality.