Long period grating directional bend sensor based on asymmetric index modification of cladding

Abstract

A long period grating (LPG) written in a standard optical fibre was modified by using a femtosecond laser to induce an asymmetric change in the cladding's refractive index. This device produced blue and red wavelength shifts depending on the orientation of applied curvature, with maximum sensitivities of −1.6 nm m and +3.8 nm m, suggesting that this type of LPG may be useful as a shape sensor.