Thermal Conductivity of Elements with Complex Lattices: B, P, S

Abstract

The thermal conductivities of $\ensuremath{\beta}$-rhombohedral boron, orthorhombic (black) phosphorus, and orthorhombic sulfur have been measured down to 3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}K. These results, as well as some from the literature on cubic (white) phosphorus and on boron carbide, have been interpreted by comparing them with the thermal-conductivity-versus-temperature curves expected for simple models of molecular solids and of monatomic solids. Sulfur and white phosphorus behave like simple molecular solids, and black phosphorus behaves like a monatomic solid, while the behavior of boron and boron carbide, whose lattices are composed of ${\mathrm{B}}_{12}$ icosahedra, lies between these two limits.