The Commercial Status of Membrane Bioreactors for Municipal Wastewater

Abstract

The status of membrane products for membrane bioreactors is reviewed with specific reference to the municipal wastewater market. Products are identified according to their geographical location and characteristics. The latter are appraised with reference to the membrane configuration, polymeric material type, pore size and, for the hollow fiber (HF) products, the filament diameter. The market penetration of 11 of the suppliers is also assessed.