The British Journal of Psychiatry · 1992 · 73 citations · 15 references
MedicinePsychiatryPsychologyBehavioral HealthHealth PsychologyHiv PreventionCoping StrategiesMental HealthMental IllnessSexual DysfunctionSexual HealthSexual Well-beingGay Men's HealthGay Men's Mental HealthMale Sexual HealthOutcome MeasuresPsychiatric History TakingPsychiatric ManifestationsPsychological MorbiditySexual Functioning
This study aimed to establish the prevalence of psychosocial problems in gay men with HIV infection, and to identify factors associated with psychological morbidity. The study was a cross-sectional controlled investigation, which included 24 HIV seropositive and 25 seronegative gay men. Outcome measures included current psychological status and psychiatric history; coping and health beliefs; and social and sexual functioning. Seropositive subjects had worse scores on the PSE total score, and greater sexual difficulties. There were also differences in health beliefs and coping. Psychological morbidity was associated with hopelessness, previous psychiatric illness, symptomatic HIV disease, and low self-esteem.
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The measurement of pessimism: The Hopelessness Scale.
Aaron T. Beck, Arlene Weissman, David Lester et al. · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · 1974 · 5.5K citations