Intramedullary Endometriosis of the Conus Medullaris: Case Report

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Intraspinal endometriosis is an extremely rare condition with characteristic symptoms, including lower back pain that increases in severity during each menstrual cycle. METHODS: Here, we report a case of endometriosis involving the conus cauda region. This patient presented with acute deterioration secondary to hemorrhage. We also review the relevant literature. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance imaging scans of the dorsolumbar region showed a mass lesion within the spinal canal at the L1-L2 level with evidence of acute hemorrhage. The patient underwent an emergency D12-L2 laminectomy and microdecompression of the lesion. The histological and immunohistochemical features were characteristic of intraspinal endometriosis. CONCLUSION: Intraspinal endometriosis must be recognized as a potential cause of periodic neurological signs and symptoms in young and middle-aged women.