Series of Lie groups

Abstract

For various series of complex semi-simple Lie algebras $\fg (t)$ equipped with irreducible representations $V(t)$, we decompose the tensor powers of $V(t)$ into irreducible factors in a uniform manner, using a tool we call {\it diagram induction}. In particular, we interpret the decompostion formulas of Deligne \cite{del} and Vogel \cite{vog} for decomposing $\fg^{\ot k}$ respectively for the exceptional series and $k\leq 4$ and all simple Lie algebras and $k\leq 3$, as well as new formulas for the other rows of Freudenthal's magic chart. By working with Lie algebras augmented by the symmetry group of a marked Dynkin diagram, we are able to extend the list \cite{brion} of modules for which the algebra of invariant regular functions under a maximal nilpotent subalgebra is a polynomial algebra. Diagram induction applied to the exterior algebra furnishes new examples of distinct representations having the same Casimir eigenvalue.