EXTRARETINAL PHOTORECEPTION IN BIRDS

Abstract

Abstract— It is clearly established that in birds, as in the other lower vertebrates, brain photoreception is a critically important perceptual mode. In this review, the variety of extraretinally‐mediated responses has been described, and the physiological properties and anatomical location of extraretinal photoreceptors have been briefly discussed. In order to deepen our understanding of its place in the sensory armamentarium, several unresolved problems have been pointed out.