Exposure to Lead in Firing Ranges

Abstract

Members of law enforcement agencies were examined for adverse health effects caused by their activities in firing ranges and exposure to lead. Central nervous system and gastrointestinal symptoms were prominent and correlated with blood lead and zinc protoporphyrin levels. Half the group had blood lead levels exceeding 40 microgram/dL, and four (5%) exceeded 60 microgram/dL. Environmental surveys of three firing ranges indicate that indoor facilities with insufficient ventilation may have considerable air lead concentrations with levels up to 900 microgram/cu m or 4.5 times the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard for an eight-hour shift. Evaluation of lead effects should be taken into account in medical surveillance programs of firearms instructors. Zinc protoporphyrin determination has proved a suitable and practical way to assess biological effects among exposed persons and should be available at medical facilities responsible for the health of indoor firing range employees.