Piezoelectric Properties of Niobium-Doped [Pb(Sc_1/2Nb_1/2)_1-xTi_x]O₃ Ceramics Material near the Morphotropic Phase Boundary

Abstract

The physical and electrical properties of Pb[(Sc 1/2 Nb 1/2 ) 1- x Ti x ]O 3 ( x =0.40–0.45)+0.01 PbNb 2 O 6 piezoelectric polycrystalline ceramic materials near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) were investigated. The maximum dielectric constant ( ε 33 T / ε 0 =3200) and maximum piezoelectric constant ( d 33 =590×10 -12 m/V) were found at x =0.435, where the coupling factors were k p =67 %, k 31 =41 %, and k 33 =74 %. The maximum electromechanical coupling factors, ( k p =71 %, k 31 =44 %, and k 33 =77 %) were found at x =0.420, where ε 33 T / ε 0 =2080 and d 33 =480×10 -12 m/V were obtained. The x =0.420 composition exhibited the largest electromechanical coupling factor of all binary piezoelectric ceramics systems so far reported, including the most widely used conventional ceramic, Pb(Zr 1- x , Ti x )O 3 .