Theoretical evaluation and record experimental demonstration of budget improvement with remotely pumped erbium-doped fiber amplification

Abstract

The budget improvement achievable with different remote pumping schemes is presented. The calculations take into account Raman amplification and Rayleigh backscattering. The authors also report an experiment-without an in-line optical isolator-demonstrating a record budget improvement: an additional 8 dB compared to a 960-nm-pumped local preamplification.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>