Spine · 2006 · 71 citations · 11 references
Multifidus contracts maximally at upright standing in the normal group, while maximum contraction of the muscle occurs at 25 degrees forward stooping in the patient group. The role of multifidus may be altered in the stabilization of the lumbar spine of chronic LBP patients. Assessment of the change in muscle size reacting to different postures is found to be helpful.
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Risk factors in low-back pain. An epidemiological survey.
John W. Frymoyer, Malcolm H. Pope, Janice H. Clements et al. · Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery · 1983 · 748 citations
Stability Increase of the Lumbar Spine With Different Muscle Groups
Hans‐Joachim Wilke, Steffen Wolf, L. Claes et al. · Spine · 1995 · 558 citations
A Universal Model of the Lumbar Back Muscles in the Upright Position
Nikolai Bogduk, Janet E. Macintosh, Mark J. Pearcy · Spine · 1992 · 354 citations