Model-Independent Constraints on Possible Modifications of Newtonian Gravity

Abstract

New model-independent constraints on possible modifications of Newtonian gravity over solar-system distance scales are presented and their implications discussed. The constraints arise from the analysis of various planetary astrometric data sets. The results of the model-independent analysis are then applied to set limits on a variation in the $\frac{1}{{r}^{2}}$ behavior of gravity, on possible Yukawa-type interactions with ranges of the order of planetary distance scales, and on a deviation from Newtonian gravity of the type discussed by Milgrom.