Three-level atoms in phase-sensitive broadband correlated reservoirs

Abstract

A three-level atom with two competing transitions can sense correlations between modes of an electromagnetic field with which it interacts. We examine the sensitivity of three-level atoms in ladder, \ensuremath{\Lambda}, and V configurations to correlations between modes in a broadband correlated reservoir of field modes. Our model of a correlated reservoir includes pairwise mode correlations around a center frequency. When such correlations are set to zero, the reservoir becomes a simple thermal heat bath, but in the opposite extreme when the modes are perfectly correlated, we recover a minimum-uncertainty broadband squeezed vacuum. We show that atomic populations are extremely sensitive to these correlations, and can, in the ladder system, become inverted as a result of the phase-sensitive noise. We also show how atomic population trapping is affected by mode correlations.