Lattice constant changes and electro-optic effects in proton-exchanged LiNbO3 optical waveguides

Abstract

Lattice constants and electro-optic constants have been measured on proton-exchanged LiNbO3 single crystals by means of the x-ray rocking curve method and the phase modulation technique to examine the relationship between the refractive index and the strain, and the degradation of the electro-optic effect.