The 4th-century B.C. shipwreck at Mazotos, Cyprus: New techniques and methodologies in the 3D mapping of shipwreck excavations

TLDR

Rare well‑preserved ancient shipwrecks can yield valuable research insights when properly analyzed and documented. The paper evaluates and refines mapping methods for underwater shipwreck excavations, focusing on stratigraphy, find documentation, and site‑formation reconstruction, to provide a targeted documentation framework for future research. The study demonstrates the use of digital photogrammetry and computer‑vision software to map the 4th‑century B.C.

Abstract

Well preserved ancient shipwrecks are rare in the archaeological record, but when discovered, they can provide valuable information on a wide range of research issues if analyzed and documented properly. In this paper we discuss the significance, potential, and constraints of mapping methods applied during the underwater excavation of shipwreck sites with special emphasis on stratigraphy, documentation of finds, and reconstruction of site formation processes. As a case study, we present the digital photogrammetry and computer vision software programs used in the excavation of the 4th-century b.c. shipwreck at Mazotos, Cyprus. Our goal is to develop a targeted documentation and mapping method of ongoing shipwreck excavations so that others can address complex research questions concerning this unique discipline of archaeology.