Treatment of recurrent malignant pleural effusion by iodized talc pleurodesis

Abstract

Artesunate is a derivative of artemisinin isolated from a Chinese herb <i>Artemisia annua L</i>. It is used clinically for the treatment of malaria. There are recent evidences supporting an immune-regulatory role by artesunate. We investigated potential anti-inflammatory actions of artesunate in a mouse asthma model. BALB/c mice sensitized and challenged with OVA developed airway eosinophilia and mucus hypersecretion, and elevations in serum IgE level and in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cytokine level. Artesunate significantly inhibited OVA-induced increases in BAL fluid eosinophil count, and IL-5 and IL-13 levels. It also reduced the serum level of OVA-specific IgE. Histologic analysis reveals that artesunate suppressed OVA-induced inflammatory cell infiltration and airway mucus production. Besides, artesunate markedly attenuated OVA-induced mRNA expression of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, Muc5ac and chitinases. Furthermore, artesunate inhibited TNF-α-induced phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and its downstream Akt and p70 S6 kinase, as well as nuclear factor (NF)-κ B DNA binding activity in normal human bronchial epithelial cells. Taken together, our results clearly demonstrate anti-inflammatory effects of artesunate in a mouse asthma model, and it may act by inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. (This work was supported by a BioMedical Research Council grant BMRC06/1/21/19/443)