The Planar Circuit - An Approach to Microwave Integrated Circuitry

TLDR

Electrical circuitry has traditionally been classified into lumped, distributed, and waveguide categories, and this paper introduces the planar circuit as a 2‑dimensional class with dimensions comparable to the wavelength in two directions but negligible thickness in the third. The study aims to develop a computer‑based analysis method for arbitrarily shaped triplate planar circuits. The authors employ a contour‑integral solution of the wave equation, using Green’s functions for simple shapes, and compare this approach with other analysis examples. The contour‑integral method provides accurate, efficient design tools, with results confirming that circuit parameters can be directly derived from the wave equation’s Green’s function for simple geometries.

Abstract

Three principal categories have been known in electrical circuitry so far. They are the lumped-constant (0-dimensional) circuit, distributed-constant (1-dimensional) circuit, and waveguide (3-dimensional) circuit. The planar circuit to be discussed in general in this paper is a circuit category that should be positioned as a 2-dimensional circuit. It is defined as an "electrical circuit having dimensions comparable to the wavelength in two directions, but much less thickness in one direction." The main subject of this paper is the computer analysis of an arbitrarily shaped, triplate planar circuit. It is shown that a computer analysis based upon a contour-integral solution of the wave equation offers an accurate and efficient tool in the design of the planar circuit. Results of some computer calculations are described. It is also shown that the circuit parameters can be derived directly from Green's function of the wave equation when the shape of the circuit is relatively simple. Examples of this sort of analysis are also shown for comparison with the computer analysis.