Effect of Drilling Fluids on Rock Surface Properties

Abstract

Summary This paper discusses the wettability change induced by contact between porous media and drilling fluids and the possibility of eliminating such alterations by cleaning. Three porous media were studied (sandstone, shaly sandstone, and carbonate), as well as various drilling fluids (oil- and water-based). Initially strongly water-wet (hydrophilic) and initially neutral rock/oil/brine systems were evaluated. Wettability was estimated by a test based on spontaneous and forced displacement experiments. The results show that all the oil-based drilling fluids used induce a wettability change inasmuch as the rock is initially water-wet. The rock surface properties are observed to be affected at a distance > 0.6 in. [> 1.5 cm] from the rock/drilling-fluid interface. Cleaning procedures with toluene and methanol circulations can return the rock surface to the original wettability state, but the permeability remains affected. Water-based drilling fluids made no appreciable change in the wettability of the three initially highly hydrophilic porous media.