Practical use of non-local features for statistical spoken language understanding

Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm

A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, Donald B. Rubin · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · 1977 · 49.2K citations

Statistical Signal Processing, Mixture Distribution, Engineering +13

A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition

L. R. Rabiner · Proceedings of the IEEE · 1989 · 22.6K citations

Engineering, Machine Learning, Hidden States +19

Conditional Random Fields: Probabilistic Models for Segmenting and Labeling Sequence Data

John Lafferty, Andrew McCallum, Fernando C. N. Pereira · ScholarlyCommons (University of Pennsylvania) · 2001 · 13K citations · Full text

WordNet: An Electronic Lexical Database

Adam Kilgarriff, Christiane Fellbaum · Language · 2000 · 11.7K citations

Natural Language Processing, Semantic Similarity, Wordnet Lexical Database +15

Incorporating non-local information into information extraction systems by Gibbs sampling

Jenny Rose Finkel, Trond Grenager, Christopher D. Manning · 2005 · 3K citations · Full text

Syntactic Parsing, Engineering, Knowledge Extraction +22