Modelling a complex biological system: the human cardiovascular system—1. Methodology and model description

Abstract

Mathematical models are powerful tools for investigating and understanding complex systems. Their use must be guided by knowledge of their potentialities and limitations and a well-based approach to the modelling process. Such is embodied in an integrated methodology for model formulation, identification and validation which has emerged from practical modelling as well as historical studies. The methodology in operation is illustrated by application to the formulation of a model of the human cardiovascular system, its neural control and the effect of drugs. The derivation of the model is described in depth and a complete model listing is given. The companion paper develops a validation methodology and applies it to the cardiovascular model.