STUDIES OF PHYSIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE ARTHROPOD SECRETIONS: X. SEX PHEROMONE OF THE EASTERN SPRUCE BUDWORM, <i>CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA</i> (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

Abstract

Abstract The sex pheromone of the female eastern spruce budworm was identified as trans -11-tetradecenal by a combination of electroantennogram techniques, laboratory bioassays, and chemical analysis. Subsequent field trapping showed that this compound is a potent attractant for both male Choristoneura fumiferana (Clem.) and C . occidentalis Free, thus supporting its identification as a sex pheromone of the eastern spruce budworm and suggesting that it is also a major component in the pheromone system of C . occidentalis .