2014 · 19 citations · 12 references
EngineeringMechanical EngineeringEnergy SystemsInternal Combustion EnginesPowertrain EngineeringElectric PowertrainsTractor Power Systems
Political regulations to increase the fuel efficiency of vehicles are leading to hybrid electric vehicles offering more flexibility for operating the internal combustion engine and increasing the performance. In this paper an energy management for hybrid electric vehicles combining load point shifting based on optimization with regeneration and boost based on heuristics is introduced and the real-time implementation on a hybrid electric tractor is discussed. Simulation results indicate an increased fuel efficiency for transportation tasks.
12
Ageing mechanisms in lithium-ion batteries
Jens Vetter, Petr Novák, M. R. Wagner et al. · Journal of Power Sources · 2005 · 3.8K citations
Control of hybrid electric vehicles
Antonio Sciarretta, Lino Guzzella · IEEE Control Systems · 2007 · 930 citations
Engineering, Automotive Engineering, Systems Engineering +17