Shape-controlled synthesis of Mn3O4 nanocrystals and their catalysis of the degradation of methylene blue

Abstract

Various sizes and shapes of Mn3O4 nanocrystals have been prepared in a one-pot synthesis in extremely dilute solution by soft template self-assembly. To better control size and shape, the effects of varying the growth time, reaction temperature, surfactant, and manganese source were examined. The average size of octahedral Mn3O4 crystallites was found to be related to the reaction time, while higher reaction temperature (150 °C) and the use of a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide/poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (CTAB/PVP) mixture allowed construction of a better-defined octahedral morphologies. When PVP or poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (P123) was used as template, large-scale agglomeration resulting in loss of the octahedral morphology occurred and crystallites with a quasi-spherical shape were obtained. The nano-octahedral crystallites were shown to be an efficient catalyst for the oxidation of methylene blue.