Pyrazole and benzothiazole palladacycles: stable and efficient catalysts for carbon–carbon bond formation

Abstract

Cyclopalladated phosphine free pyrazole complexes 1 and benzothiazole complexes 2 are excellent catalysts for the Heck vinylation of aryl iodides and termolecular queuing cascades, leading to turnover numbers of >106 in some cases, at moderate temperatures; these catalysts show high thermal stability and are not sensitive to moisture and air.