Propagation of dark solitons with higher-order effects in optical fibers

Abstract

In this paper, we analyze dark soliton propagation in nonlinear optical fibers with higher-order effects such as third order dispersion, self-steepening, and stimulated Raman scattering. We consider the Hirota equation and the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, and identify conditions for dark soliton propagation through Painlevé analysis. We also construct an explicit Lax pair, and Hirota bilinear form is used to generate one and two dark solitons.