Amplification process in a high-<i>Q</i>cryogenic whispering gallery mode sapphire Fe^{3 +}maser

Abstract

This paper reports on the analysis of a high-Q (109) cryogenic whispering gallery mode (WGM) sapphire resonator maser oscillator based on residual impurities of the Fe3 + ion (1 ppm). A theoretical model is developed to determine the evolution of the maser output power versus the pump power and the resonator output coupling coefficient. Comparison of the theoretical model and experimental data shows a good agreement.