Neurourology and Urodynamics · 2001 · 132 citations · 22 references
MedicineKinesiologyPhysiologyFemale UrologyMovement AnalysisUrodynamicsPelvic Floor DisordersPelvic Floor DysfunctionPelvic Floor FunctionPelvic Floor HealthPelvic Floor Neuromuscular ControlPelvic UltrasonographyBladder Neck DescentPelvic Floor Muscle ActivationPelvic Floor Muscle ContractionPelvic Floor Muscle FatiguePelvic Floor Muscle Function AssessmentPelvic Floor Muscle PhysiologyPelvic Floor PhysiologyPelvic Muscles
The aim of this study was to describe normal characteristics of spontaneous and voluntary pelvic muscle function in nulliparous healthy continent women and to assess the reaction of the pelvic floor to stress and fatigue. Ten nulliparous volunteers were recruited. Pelvic muscle strength was evaluated by palpation and perineal ultrasound. Kinesiological EMG and perineal ultrasound were performed to test for possible fatigue and to assess bladder neck mobility during coughing with a pre-contraction of the pelvic floor muscles. Bladder neck mobility did not increase after attempts to fatigue the pelvic floor muscles. Bladder neck descent was significantly less when the women were instructed to contract the pelvic floor muscles before coughing. The contraction of the pelvic floor muscles stabilizes the vesical neck in nulliparous women.
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INJURY TO INNERVATION OF PELVIC FLOOR SPHINCTER MUSCULATURE IN CHILDBIRTH
S. J. Snooks, Michael Swash, M. E. Setchell et al. · The Lancet · 1984 · 854 citations
Medicine, Anatomy, Obstetrics +10
Anthony Smith, Gordon Hosker, D. W. Warrell · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · 1989 · 453 citations