Effect of Temperature and Water‐Solid Ratio on Growth of Ca(OH) ₂ Crystals Formed During Hydration of Ca ₃ SiO ₅

Abstract

The growth behavior, time of nucleation, and morphology of Ca(OH) 2 crystals formed during the hydration of Ca 3 SiO 5 , at 15°, 25°, and 35°C at water‐solid ratios ( w/s ) from 0.3 to 5.0 were studied by optical microscopy. In samples with w/s >0.5 growth of Ca(OH) 2 in the c ‐axis direction is initially dominant. Growth in this direction ends after a few hours, but growth perpendicular to the c axis continues for several days and produces a dendritic morphology. Growth behavior is not so well defined for w/s <0.5, in part because of the large number of unhydrated particles engulfed. Increasing temperature resulted in an increase in the number of Ca(OH) 2 nuclei and a decrease in nucleation time and crystal size. Increasing the w/s ratio improved the euhedral character of the Ca(OH) 2 crystals, decreased the number of engulfed Ca 3 SiO 5 particles, and increased the nucleation time. Dendritic morphology was most pronounced in the samples for which w/s = 1. Growth rates and the ultimate size of the Ca(OH) 2 crystals varied within a given sample. The effects of temperature and the w/s ratio on the heat evolved during the hydration were studied by isothermal calorimetry. The times of nucleation of crystalline Ca(OH) 2 estimated from calorimetry were similar to those derived from growth curves determined by optical microscopy.