Hydrothermal Synthesis of Perovskite <scp> <scp> BiFeO ₃ –BaTiO ₃ </scp> </scp> Crystallites

Abstract

Hydrothermal method, which provides an effective approach to produce pure‐phase BiFeO 3 ‐based solid solution was used to synthesize BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 powders. The phase evolution was found to be connected with reaction temperature, initial KOH concentration, and duration time. The results show that perovskite cubic 0.5 BiFeO 3 –0.5 BaTiO 3 crystallites can be synthesized at a temperature as low as 200°C, with a KOH concentration of 4 M . It indicates that the hydrothermal reactions responsible for the formation of crystalline BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 are closely related to metal hydroxides dissolution and crystallization process. Field‐emission scanning electron microscopy observations revealed a homogeneous distribution of submicron‐sized BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 powders. Ferroelectricity was demonstrated for the BiFeO 3 –BaTiO 3 powders by polarization–electric field hysteresis loop measured with the corresponding bulk samples.