Trans‐enamel and trans‐dentinal cytotoxic effects of a 35% H₂O₂ bleaching gel on cultured odontoblast cell lines after consecutive applications

Abstract

AIM: To evaluate the trans-enamel and trans-dentinal cytotoxic effects of a 35% H(2)O(2) bleaching gel on an odontoblast-like cell lines (MDPC-23) after consecutive applications. METHODOLOGY: Fifteen enamel/dentine discs were obtained from bovine central incisor teeth and placed individually in artificial pulp chambers. Three groups (n = 5 discs) were formed according to the following enamel treatments: G1: 35% H(2)O(2) bleaching gel (15 min); G2: 35% H(2)O(2) bleaching gel (15 min) + halogen light (20 s); G3: control (no treatment). After repeating the treatments three consecutive times, the extracts (culture medium + gel components that had diffused through enamel/dentine discs) in contact with the dentine were collected and applied to previously cultured MDPC-23 cells (50 000 cells cm(-2)) for 24 h. Cell metabolism was evaluated by the MTT assay and data were analysed statistically (alpha = 5%; Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U-test). Cell morphology was analysed by scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS: Cell metabolism decreased by 92.03% and 82.47% in G1 and G2 respectively. G1 and G2 differed significantly (P < 0.05) from G3. Regardless of halogen light activation, the application of the bleaching gel on the cultured odontoblast-like cells caused significantly more severe cytotoxic effects than those observed in the nontreated control group. In addition, significant morphological cell alterations were observed in G1 and G2. CONCLUSION: After three consecutive applications of a 35% H(2)O(2) bleaching agent, the diffusion of the gel components through enamel and dentine caused severe toxic effects to cultured pulp cells.