A Functional Polymorphism at 3′UTR of the<i>PAX6</i>Gene May Confer Risk for Extreme Myopia in the Chinese

Abstract

SNPs rs644242 and rs662702 had marginal significance (P = 0.063), and further analyses showed that these SNPs were associated with extreme myopia (≤ -11 D). The OR for extreme myopia was 2.1 (empiric P = 0.007) for the CC genotype at SNP rs662702 at the 3'UTR. The functional assay for SNP rs662702 demonstrated that the C allele had a significantly lower expression level than did the T allele (P = 0.0001). SNP rs662702 was predicted to be located in the microRNA-328 binding site, which may explain the differential allelic effect on gene expression. CONCLUSIONS; In this study, a functional SNP was identified at the 3'UTR that influences the risk for extreme myopia. The functional assay suggested that the risk allele can reduce PAX6 protein levels which significantly increases the risk for myopia.