Archives of Neurology · 1976 · 68 citations · 5 references
MedicineNeurologyPediatricsNeuropathologyPediatric NeurologyPediatric NeurosurgeryCranial NervesPediatric NeuropathologyExplorationFacial MusculatureFourth Ventricle Anatomy
A 6-week-old infant had recurrent contractions of the facial musculature on the left side, which continued throughout early childhood. Surgical exploration at 5 1/2 years of age revealed a ganglioneuroma of the fourth ventricle. Hemifacial spasm (HFS) in infancy and childhood suggests the possibility of serious intracranial pathologic findings.
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Hemifacial Spasm—a Reversible Pathophysiologic State
W. James Gardner, Gerard A. Sava · Journal of neurosurgery · 1962 · 285 citations
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Cross Talk--The Paradoxical Transmission of a Nerve Impulse
W. James Gardner · Archives of Neurology · 1966 · 87 citations
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Jack L. Pulec · Annals of Otology Rhinology & Laryngology · 1972 · 26 citations