PCBs in Dungeness Crab Reflect Distinct Source Fingerprints among Harbor/Industrial Sites in British Columbia

Abstract

Dungeness crab (Cancer magister) samples were collected from various pulp mill and principal harbor sites on the West Coast of Canada. Full congener PCB analysis was performed on several composite and single hepatopancreas samples from each site, and the spatial variability of PCB patterns was explored. A recently developed direct mixing model (DMM) which relies on iteration of representative Aroclor end-members was used to make source predictions based on congener-specific PCB data from biota. Additionally, factor analysis and principal component analysis (FA/PCA) were applied to examine the intersite variability for potential PCB-source patterns. This unsupervised exploratory analysis (i.e., FA/PCA) revealed three distinct clusters of variables containing either low (di-tetra), moderate (penta-hexa), and high (hepta-nona) levels of chlorination, which were related to common Aroclor mixtures (e.g., A1242, A1248, A1254, and A1260). Overall, the PCA scores for each site qualitatively agreed with the source predictions provided by the DMM, and distinct source compositions were predicted for various sites examined.