In vitro antibacterial activity of the metal oxide nanoparticles against urinary tract infectious bacterial pathogens

Abstract

To investigate the antibacterial properties of the five metal oxide nanoparticles viz., Al2O3, Fe2O3, CeO2, ZrO2 and MgO against urinary tract infectious pathogens viz., Pseudomonas sp., Enterobacter sp., Klebsiella sp., Escherichia coli (E. coli), Proteus morganii (P. morganii) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The antibacterial activity of the five different nanoparticles was assessed by well diffusion method. Different concentrations of the nanoparticles were analyzed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) techniques. Finally, the potential nanoparticle Al2O3 which showed maximum antibacterial sensitivity was also subjected for the time kill assay method. Among the nanoparticles, Al2O3 nanoparticle showed maximum sensitivity (16.00±0.21) mm against E. coli. None of the nanoparticles showed activity against Pseudomonas sp. The MIC results also revealed that, the Al2O3 nanoparticle showed maximum inhibition at the concentration of 5 μg/mL against E. coli, followed by 10 μg/mL against Klebsiella sp. and P. morganii, respectively. Moreover, the time kill assay revealed that, the bacterial growth was maximum inhibited at the concentration of 5 μg/mL from the 2nd h. It can be concluded from the present findings that, the Al2O3 nanoparticle can be used as an alternative antibacterial agent for the urinary bacterial diseases after completing successful clinical trials.