Operative Approach Via the Superior Ophthalmic Vein for the Endovascular Treatment of Carotid Cavernous Fistulas That Fail Traditional Endovascular Access

Abstract

Surgical access to the superior ophthalmic vein for embolization of a CCF is an excellent and definitive alternative treatment when traditional endovenous routes are inaccessible. The operative approach to the SOV is straightforward and can be performed safely and expeditiously by the neurovascular team.