New England Journal of Medicine · 1978 · 101 citations · 6 references
NursingClinical SciencesInternal MedicineDiagnostic ReasoningEarly DetectionHealth AssessmentDiagnosisDiagnostic CriteriaDiagnostic Decision SupportDiagnostic EvaluationDifferential DiagnosisDisease DetectionDiagnostic Probability EstimationNormal Value AssessmentProbabilistic Diagnostic ModelingProbability Of DiagnosisScreening DiagnosisSpecificity EstimationTest Frequencies
When a diagnostic test is reported as normal, the clinician generally uses it only to rule out certain diseases. However, if properly interpreted, the normal value may help to differentiate among diagnoses that yield normal results with different frequencies. A simple method permits the extraction of such information. The physician estimates the probability of various diagnoses and then combines these estimates with the anticipated frequency of negative results for each disease under consideration.
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Paul Slovic, Baruch Fischhoff, Sarah Lichtenstein · Annual Review of Psychology · 1977 · 1.7K citations
Introduction to Medical Decision Making.
Annals of Internal Medicine · 1969 · 480 citations
Decision analysis and clinical judgment
William B. Schwartz, G. Anthony Gorry, Jerome P. Kassirer et al. · The American Journal of Medicine · 1973 · 249 citations