Copper-Catalyzed Direct Ortho-Alkylation of <i>N</i>-Iminopyridinium Ylides with <i>N</i>-Tosylhydrazones

Abstract

Copper-catalyzed cross-coupling of N-tosylhydrazones with N-iminopyridinium ylides leads to the direct C-H alkylation. This direct C-H bond alkylation transformation uses inexpensive CuI as the catalyst without any ligand. The reaction is operationally simple and conducted under mild conditions, giving the corresponding alkylated pyridines in moderate to good yields. DFT calculation provides insights into the reaction mechanism, suggesting that the reaction proceeds through the Cu carbene migratory insertion process.