Metatarsophalangeal Joint Pathology in Crossover Second Toe Deformity: A Cadaveric Study

Abstract

In this largest series of cadaveric dissections of crossover second toe deformities, we describe the types and extent of plantar plate tears associated with increasing deformity of the second ray. We present, based on these findings, an anatomic grading system to describe the progressive anatomic changes in the plantar plate.