Nitrogen Use in Tifway Bermudagrass, as Affected by Trinexapac‐Ethyl

Abstract

Nutrient movement from turfgrass systems into surface and ground water is a public concern. Data indicate that actively growing turf rapidly immobilizes applied N, thus restricting nutrient movement. It is possible, however, that growth suppression with plant growth regulators (PGRs) could reduce N demand and thus N uptake, resulting in greater leaching losses. An experiment was conducted with column lysimeters to investigate the effects of trinexapac‐ethyl (TE) on nitrate leaching and N‐use efficiency in Tifway bermudagrass ( Cynodon dactylon × C. transvaalensis ). The experiment was conducted in a growth chamber with day/night temperature set at 29/24°C and a 12‐h photoperiod. Trinexapac‐ethyl was applied twice at 4‐wk intervals at 0.11 kg a.i. ha −1 Ammonium nitrate (AN) was applied at 50 kg N ha −1 2 wk after each TE application, and again 6 wk after the second TE application. Separate sets of columns received 15 N‐labeled AN for the first two applications. Irrigation was scheduled to provide a leaching fraction of ≈50%; leachate was collected after each irrigation and analyzed for nitrate and ammonium. Cumulative nitrate leaching was unaffected by TE after the first two N applications, but was reduced ≈60% by TE following the third N application. Trinexapac‐ethyl reduced 15 N allocation to clippings by ≈25% and increased 15 N allocation to roots and rhizomes; total recovery of applied 15 N in tissues was ≈65%. Results demonstrate chemical growth suppression with TE does not reduce N uptake or increase nitrate leaching from bermudagrass.