Fixation Stability, Fixation Location, and Visual Acuity after Successful Macular Hole Surgery

Abstract

PURPOSE: This study examined whether changes in fixation stability and fixation location are good predictors of visual acuity after successful macular hole surgery. METHODS: Ten patients with macular hole were tested before surgery and at 1 and 3 months after surgery. Visual acuity was measured with the ETDRS; fixation stability and fixation location were assessed with the MP-1 Microperimeter (Nidek Technologies Srl., Vigonza, PD, Italy). The quantitative measure of fixation stability was calculated with a bivariate contour ellipse area (BCEA). Fixation location shift was evaluated using the differential map analysis feature of the MP-1 Microperimeter. RESULTS: There was a significant improvement in visual acuity after macular hole closure. Fixation location shifted an average of 0.55 deg and 0.87 deg at 1 month and 3 months after surgery, respectively. The fixation shift was not a good predictor of visual outcome. Fixation stability improved from an average of 0.35 deg(2) before surgery to 0.29 deg(2) at 3 months after surgery. The change in fixation stability (DeltaBCEA = BCEA before - BCEA after surgery) correlated highly with visual outcome. The regression model showed that DeltaBCEA accounted for a significant proportion of the variance in visual acuity both 1 and 3 months after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Some changes in ocular motor function explain the visual outcome after the anatomic success of macular hole surgery. Fixation location shift has no influence on visual acuity post-operatively; however, change in fixation stability is a strong predictor of visual outcome after successful closure of the macular hole.